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1.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 20(2): e2957, mar.-abr. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1251793

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Existen plantas que se usan desde tiempos ancestrales con efecto alucinógeno y alteraciones al sistema nervioso central, debido a la presencia principalmente de mezcalina son usadas para cumplir objetivos tradicionales asociados a la adivinación, curandería, divinidad y otros. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto del extracto acuoso de Trichocereus pachanoi a dosis de 10 por ciento, 20 por ciento y 30 por ciento sobre el comportamiento exploratorio de carácter depresivo en Rattus rattus var. albinus. Material y métodos: El presente estudio experimental es de carácter exploratorio aplicado, constructivo y prospectivo, se formaron 4 grupos de 10 ratas cada uno a las que se les administró extracto acuoso de Trichocereus pachanoi en dosis creciente, luego fueron sometidas a natación forzada con entrenamiento previo de 15 minutos. Resultados: El grupo que no recibió tratamiento alguno posee la más baja respuesta en gasto de tiempo para el escalamiento, comparado con los grupos B, C y D que presentan 13,5 min. 17,17 min. y 24,37 min. respectivamente. También en la evaluación de la movilidad, el grupo A posee en valor más bajo, comparado con los grupos B, C y D que presentan 13,42 min. 17,62 min. y 23,12 min., respectivamente. Conclusiones: El tratamiento en ratas con extracto acuoso de Trichocereus pachanoi a concentraciones de 10 por ciento, 20 por ciento y 30 por ciento ha sido eficaz en producir un efecto tranquilizante en el comportamiento exploratorio de carácter depresivo en el sujeto(AU)


Introduction: Since ancient times, some mescaline containing plants that have hallucinogen effects and cause alterations in the central nervous system have been used to fulfill traditional objectives associated with divination, healing, spirituality and others. Objective: To determine the effect of the aqueous extract of Trichocereus pachanoi at doses of 10 %, 20 % and 30 % solution on depression-like exploratory behavior in Rattus rattus var. albinus. Material and Methods: The present experimental study, which is exploratory, constructive and prospective in nature, was conducted in 4 groups of 10 rats. The rats were administered increasing doses of aqueous extract of Trichocereus pachanoi; then, they underwent forced swimming with a previous 15-minute training. Results: The group that did not receive any treatment had the lowest response to the duration of time spent at scaling compared to groups B, C and D that spent 13.5 min., 17.17 min., and 24.37 min., respectively. Also, in the evaluation of mobility, group A showed the lowest value compared to groups B, C and D that recorded 13.42 min., 17.62 min., and 23.12 min., respectively. Conclusions: The treatment with aqueous extract of Trichocereus pachanoi at concentrations of 10 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent applied to rats has been effective in producing a tranquilizer effect on the depression-like exploratory behavior in rats(AU)


Subject(s)
Rats , Tranquilizing Agents , Central Nervous System , Exploratory Behavior , Hallucinogens , Mescaline
2.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(12): 1035-1038, Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827998

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Three world-famous neurologists, Charcot and Mitchell, in the 19th century, and Lees, in this century, all of whom had great scientific curiosity, experimented with the psychoactive drugs hashish, mescal and yagé, respectively, in an attempt to increase their knowledge of neurological diseases and how the brain works.


RESUMO Três mundialmente famosos neurologistas, Charcot e Mitchell, no século XIX, e Lees neste século, tiveram eles mesmos, experiências com drogas psico-ativas, com haxixe, mescalina e yagé, respectivamente, demonstrando a sua intensa curiosidade científica, na tentativa de aprimorar o seu conhecimento da função cerebral e das doenças neurológicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Psychotropic Drugs/history , Neurology/history , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , United States , Cannabis , England , France , Mescaline/history , Mescaline/therapeutic use , Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy
3.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-728070

ABSTRACT

El presente texto hace un breve recorrido sobre los usos terapéuticos que han tenido la LSD, MDMA, THC, GHB, DMT, Psilocybina y Mescalina en la historia, así como también refiere algunos de los beneficios para la salud física y mental que se considera tienen en la actualidad. Esta información científica se contrapone a la normativa internacional en materia de drogas, que las clasifica como sustancias prohibidas en la Lista I, debido a su falta de uso médico aceptado por Estados Unidos y a su alto potencial de abuso. En este trayecto también se intenta comprender a qué hace referencia dicho potencial, así como las motivaciones que podrían existir detrás de la prohibición del uso terapéutico de estas drogas. En este marco, se consideran consecuencias para la salud de la población, las que atentan contra los Derechos Humanos de las personas que podrían requerir alguna de estas sustancias.


This paper makes a brief of the therapeutic uses have had the LSD, MDMA, THC, GHB, DMT, Psilocybin and Mescaline in history, as well as some of the benefits referred to physical and mental health that are considered today. This scientific information seems contrary to international legislation on drugs, which classifies as prohibited substances in Schedule I, due to its lack of acceptance medical use by the United States and its high potential for abuse. In this way also try to understand what makes this potential reference, and the reasons that could be behind the ban on therapeutic use of these drugs. In this framework, we consider health consequences of the population, which violate the human rights of people who may require some of these substances.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hallucinogens/therapeutic use , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Illicit Drugs , Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/therapeutic use , Dronabinol/therapeutic use , Human Rights , Hydroxybutyrates/therapeutic use , Mescaline/therapeutic use , N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/therapeutic use , /therapeutic use , Psilocybin/therapeutic use
4.
Hamdard Medicus. 1996; 39 (4): 52-62
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-41103

ABSTRACT

Narcotics have been a matter of great concern and pose increasing threats and dangers to humanity. The lack of awareness and knowledge about the abused drugs has further aggravated the situation. Various aspects of the addictive chemicals have been studied and the introductory notes on the major abused drugs, amphetamine 1, methamphetamine 2, 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine 3, mescaline 4, cocaine 5, morphine 6, heroin 7, codeine 8, diazepam 9, pencyclidine 10, 1-piperidinocyclohexane cardonitrile 11, methaqualone 12, delta9- tetrahydrocannabinol 13 and methadone 14 have been presented. The pharmacological behaviour of the abused drugs are, as well, being discussed


Subject(s)
Humans , Amphetamines/pharmacology , Mescaline/pharmacology , Cocaine/pharmacology , Morphine/pharmacology , Diazepam/pharmacology , Phencyclidine/pharmacology , Phencyclidine Abuse , Methaqualone/pharmacology , Dronabinol/pharmacology
5.
Homeopatia Méx ; 64(575): 10-7, mar.-abr. 1995. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-168704

ABSTRACT

A traves de los siglos, los grupos indigenas de Mexico, desarrollaron un profundo conocimiento de las plantas, especialmente de aquellas a las que se les atribuian efectos magicos o sagrados, que fueron utilizadas con fines rituales y adivinatorios y que observan una profunda actividad psicotropica, cual es el caso de Lophophora williamsii. Hay evidencias que sugieren amplia utilizacion al norte de nuestro pais desde hace unos mil anos. El principal componente activo de Lophophora williamsii es el alcaloide mezcalina, pero se han cuantificado cerca de 56 alcaloides mas que estan clasificados. Lophophora williamsee a causa de la competencia entre alcaloides antagonistas, presenta numerosos sintomas y la riqueza de su sintomatologia mental, creemos, lo hara un valioso medicamento en terapeutica homeopatica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mescaline , Alkaloids , Homeopathic Remedy, New , Homeopathic Pathogenesy , Psychotropic Drugs
7.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1977 Apr-Jun; 21(2): 137-40
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-108115

ABSTRACT

Amphetamine, ephedrine, mescaline and chlorpromazine act as substrate for dehydrogenase system of rat brain homogenate. This system appears quite different from the usual deaminating process of these compounds, which required NADP and oxygen. The present system proceeds more rapidly in anaerobic condition.


Subject(s)
Amphetamine/metabolism , Animals , Brain/enzymology , Chlorpromazine/metabolism , Dextroamphetamine/metabolism , Ephedrine/metabolism , Formazans/metabolism , Mescaline/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Oxygen/pharmacology , Rats , Tyramine/metabolism
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